Biology; the study of the life: Cell Reproduction

This week I will be writing about the process that the cell performs to reproduce, this process is called cell division. First of all, I want that you know what are a cells. The cells are the basic building blocks of alla living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. Cells also contain the body's hereditary material and can make copies of themselves. Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell. Human cells contain the following major parts cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes and peroxisomes, mitochondria, nucleus, plasma membrane and ribosomes.

You may be wondering what is the cell division. Cell division involves the distribution of identical genetic material, DNA, to two daughters cells. What is most remarkable is the fidelity with the DNA is passed along, without dilution or error, from one generation to the next. The cells have the process of mitosis and meiosis to perform cell division. Mitosis is a form of eukaryotic cell division that produces two identical daughter cells with same genetic component as the parent cell. Chromosomes replicated during the S phase are divided in such a way as to ensure that each daughter cell receives a copy of every chromosome. In actively dividing animal cells, the whole process takes about one hour. Mitosis involves six phases that are Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, and Cytokinesis.

Nevertheless, Meosis is the form of eukaryotic cell division that produces haploid sex cells or gametes (which contain a single copy of each chromosome) from diploid cells (which contain two copies of each chromosome). The process takes the form of one DNA replication followed by two succesive nuclear and cellular divisions (Meiosis I and Meiosis II). As in mitosis, meiosis is preceded by a process of DNA replication that converts each chromosome into two sister chromatids. As you read, Meiosis have two succesive nuclear and cellular divisions. Meiosis I and Meoisis II consist of six phases, as Mitosis. On Meiosis I are Prophase I , Prometaphase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, and Cytokinesis. Too, on Meiosis II are Prophase II , Prometaphase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II, and Cytokinesis.

In this link, http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/genetics/vgec/schoolscolleges/topics/cellcycle-mitosis-meiosis, you can encounter the definition of all phases are in each process. Finally, I want that you see three videos that I posted below. This videos explain to you in a graphic form the process of the cells and it can improve your knowledge.

This two videos show to you the process of Mitosis:

This video show to you the process of Meiosis: